After Aharon throws his staff to the ground and the Pharaoh’s magicians match the feat Aharon’s staff swallows theirs. This class includes Even Ezra, Rashi, Maharam, Sforno, Chida, A Sicha (Likutei Sichos vol. 26) and a Maamar (5741).

Three levels of understanding the (need for) the Makkos: 1) To get Yidden out of Egypt. That would not happen until Egypt got to know Hashem, this is the reason Hashem needed to punish Egypt. 2) To educate Egypt about Hashem for Egypt’s sake. 3) To give Yidden a deeper understanding of Hashem, as (after…

The Makkos were needed to get Yidden out of Egypt but they had deeper purposes as well.

Class One. The plague of blood was static- being fully manifest from the first moment and not advancing over the course of the week it lasted. Still at week’s end it was completed- why? We’ll continue next time. Class Two. Blood still advances over the week, as its education is completed not only over the…

In contrast to the convention that there are two successive stages to the Pharaoh’s stubbornness; one where he is stubborn on his own and another where Hashem makes him stubborn. The Rebbe proves that: 1) The two levels of the Pharaoh’s stubbornness are simultaneous and last for the duration of all ten Makkos beginning with…

Moshe complains (and he is right). But Hashem explains that the only way to get הוי’ה on the level above all constraints.

The frogs represent an in between state: creations that are neither helpful nor harmful, that are philosophically worse than both extremes. Like an in between level of faith. They too declared אחדות השם.

Moshe is Elokim to Pharaoh, and Aharon is his Navi. Some things can not be delegated; the breaking of Pharoh needed to be done by Moshe. The story of the מאמר ראה נתתיך אלוקים לפרעה.

Moshe and Aharon as dual leaders, are exactly the same inasmuch as they are their parents children, but they are different inasmuch as they are in their own right.

Continued. The Midrash sees all the מכות beginning with the very first as a series of steps to exhaust Egypt, accordingly ערוב wasn’t about killing Egypt but to confuse them, thus the name: ערוב.